Lowland hardwood forest habitat

From CollabLandWiki

Contents 1 Contents 2 Early Development 3 Later Development 4 Forest Understories 5 Species 6 Other Dynamics

Contents

• Evergreen Conifers
• Deciduous Broadleaf Trees
• Both
• Wide Range of Plants and Animals

Early Development

• Single Canopy
• Smaller Trees Dominate
• Usually Conifers and Deciduous Broadleaf Trees

Later Development

• Multi-layered Canopy
• Large Broadleaf Trees Dominate (50 meters tall)
• Large Snags
• Abundant Debris

Forest Understories

• Nutrient-Poor Sites

-Evergreen Shrubs Dominate

• Nutrient-Rich Sites

-Deciduous Shrubs -Ferns and Forbs

Species

• Common Trees

-Western Hemlock(most common)

-Douglass Fir, Western Red Cedar, Sitka Spruce, Red Alder, Big Leaf Maple, Cascara Buckthorn, American elms, Basswoods, Hackberries, Green ashes, Quaking aspens, Yellow birches, Slippery Elms

• Trees of Local Importance

-Shore Pine, Paper Birch, Port-orford Cedar, Grand Fir

• Common Shrubery

-Salal & Rhododendron in poorer soils, Dwark Oregon-Grape, Vine Maple, Pacific Rhododendron, Salmonberry, Trailing Blackberry, Red Elderberry, Fools Huckleberry(many other huckleberry)

• Herbaceous Species

-Swordfern(most common)

-Oregon Oxalis, Deer Fern, Bracken, Vanilla Leaf, Twinflower, False Lily-of-the-valley, Siberian Springbeauty, Foamflower, Inside-out Flower, Common Whipplea, Beargrass

Other Dynamics

• Natural Disturbances

-Natural Fire(most common)100-250 year average

-Windstorms, Bark Beetles, Fungi, Landslides, Sand Storms

• Topography-Large Range

- Glacial Till Plains, Land Above Wetlands, Same vegetation can be even found on mountain sides

• Soils And Geography

-All ranges, but usually high in minerals and waterlever is above root level